CT case report highlights metastatic uterine cancer in pet sow
A new case report in the Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation describes an antemortem diagnosis of metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 13-year-old Vietnamese Pot-bellied sow, using computed tomography to identify diffuse cystic and mineralized uterine masses, multiple pulmonary nodules, and abdominal lymphadenopathy before necropsy confirmation. The sow was presented for blood-tinged mucoid vulvar discharge, with a longer history of intermittent coughing and weight loss. The report adds a notable diagnostic angle to a very small body of literature on uterine adenocarcinoma in pigs, which has historically been documented mostly at necropsy rather than recognized before death. Earlier reports in pot-bellied pigs also described metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma associated with cystic endometrial hyperplasia, including metastasis to lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Why it matters: For veterinary professionals caring for companion pigs, this case is a reminder that chronic vulvar discharge, weight loss, cough, and suspected reproductive disease in older intact sows may warrant a broader differential list that includes malignant uterine disease, not just infectious or benign reproductive conditions. Prior literature suggests uterine tumors are uncommon overall in swine but are recognized in pot-bellied pigs, and one older treatment report noted that uterine masses in older sexually intact Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs are more common than ovarian tumors, supporting consideration of reproductive tract imaging and, in some cases, ovariohysterectomy planning in pet pigs. CT won't replace histopathology, but this report highlights its value for staging and for identifying likely metastatic spread while the patient is still alive. (pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
What to watch: Watch for whether this case prompts more clinicians to use advanced imaging earlier in older intact pet pigs with reproductive signs, especially as more companion pig practices publish diagnostic and surgical case experience. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)